183 research outputs found
The ISM scaling relations using inner HI and an application of estimating dust mass
We select a disk-like galaxy sample with observations of the ,
and dust from Herschel Reference Survey (HRS), and derive inner HI masses
within the optical radius. We find that the inner gas-to-dust ratio is almost
independent of gas-phase metallicity, and confirm that the inner gas mass
(+) shows tighter relationship with dust mass and monochromatic 500
luminosity than the integral gas mass. It supports that dust is more
closely associated with co-spatial cold gas than the overall cold gas. Based on
the newly calibrated relationship between inner gas mass and dust mass, we
predict dust masses for disk-dominated galaxies from the xCOLD GASS sample. The
predicted dust masses show scaling relations consistent with fiducial ones in
the literature, supporting their robustness. Additionally, we find that at a
given dust mass and star formation rate (SFR), the galactic WISE W3
luminosities show significant dependence on the [NII] luminosity and the
stellar mass surface density. Such dependence highlights the caveat of using
the W3 luminosity as integral SFR indicator, and is consistent with findings of
studies which target star-forming regions in more nearby galaxies and
accurately derive dust masses based on mapping-mode spectroscopy.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for Publication in Ap
Integration of residents' experiences into economic planning process of coastal villages: Evidence from the Greater Hangzhou Bay Rim Area
Public value is gaining prominence from both academics and politicians with regards to China's rural development. However, rural planning authorities and practitioners showed limited confidence on public, which manifests as few public perceptions were integrated into the planning documents. This study explores the potential role of residents' experiences in illustrating local economic development within the context of coastal villages in which economic and industries are rapidly transforming. Two case studies from within the locale of the Greater Hangzhou Bay Rim Area are used in this article to examine the gap between residents' experiences and the actual economic development that has occurred. The main findings suggest that rural residents can directly reflect upon both current and historic trends of local economic development. Moreover, household income satisfaction (HIS) is a comprehensive notion of residents' experiences, and indicates social and economic sustainability of industrial transformation, or "thriving business", that have been highlighted in coastal villages. Public experiences could therefore act as a valid and accessible evidence for planners in rural economic planning in China and other developing countries
Diffusion Conditional Expectation Model for Efficient and Robust Target Speech Extraction
Target Speech Extraction (TSE) is a crucial task in speech processing that
focuses on isolating the clean speech of a specific speaker from complex
mixtures. While discriminative methods are commonly used for TSE, they can
introduce distortion in terms of speech perception quality. On the other hand,
generative approaches, particularly diffusion-based methods, can enhance speech
quality perceptually but suffer from slower inference speed. We propose an
efficient generative approach named Diffusion Conditional Expectation Model
(DCEM) for TSE. It can handle multi- and single-speaker scenarios in both noisy
and clean conditions. Additionally, we introduce Regenerate-DCEM (R-DCEM) that
can regenerate and optimize speech quality based on pre-processed speech from a
discriminative model. Our method outperforms conventional methods in terms of
both intrusive and non-intrusive metrics and demonstrates notable strengths in
inference efficiency and robustness to unseen tasks. Audio examples are
available online (https://vivian556123.github.io/dcem).Comment: Submitted to ICASSP 202
Data-driven MHD simulation of a sunspot rotating active region leading to solar eruption
Solar eruptions are the leading driver of space weather, and it is vital for
space weather forecast to understand in what conditions the solar eruptions can
be produced and how they are initiated. The rotation of sunspots around their
umbral center has long been considered as an important condition in causing
solar eruptions. To unveil the underlying mechanisms, here we carried out a
data-driven magnetohydrodynamics simulation for the event of a large sunspot
with rotation for days in solar active region NOAA 12158 leading to a major
eruption. The photospheric velocity as recovered from the time sequence of
vector magnetograms are inputted directly at the bottom boundary of the
numerical model as the driving flow. Our simulation successfully follows the
long-term quasi-static evolution of the active region until the fast eruption,
with magnetic field structure consistent with the observed coronal emission and
onset time of simulated eruption matches rather well with the observations.
Analysis of the process suggests that through the successive rotation of the
sunspot the coronal magnetic field is sheared with a vertical current sheet
created progressively, and once fast reconnection sets in at the current sheet,
the eruption is instantly triggered, with a highly twisted flux rope
originating from the eruption. This data-driven simulation stresses magnetic
reconnection as the key mechanism in sunspot rotation leading to eruption.Comment: Accept by A&
1,8-diiodooctane acts as a photo-acid in organic solar cells
The last decade saw myriad new donor polymers, among which benzodithiophene-co-thienothiophene polymers are attractive due to their relatively high power conversion efficiency in bulk heterojunction solar cells. We examine the effect of UV-light on the stability of these polymers. The relationship between the polymer chemical structure and the UV-stability of the cells is explored on the one hand, and on the other hand, the effect of additives on their UV-stability: 1,8-diiodooctane against 1-chloronaphthalene in the cells and 1,8-octanedithiol in solution. For example, PBDTTT-E with 18% efficiency loss is more stable than PBDTTT-ET with 36% loss throughout the exposure. While 1,8-diiodooctane acts as photo-acid and leads to accelerated degradation of the solar cells, 1-chloronaphthalene does not. Acidity is known to be detrimental to the efficiency and stability of organic solar cells. The degradation is initiated upon UV-irradiation by the cleavage of the side chains, resulting in more electron traps and by the formation of iodine, dissolved HI and carbon-centered radicals from 1,8-diiodooctane as revealed by 1H NMR spectrum. The 1,8-octanedithiol spectra do not show such species. Finally, the mechanisms behind the effect of 1,8-diiodooctane are explained, paving the way for the design of new, efficient as well as stable materials and additives
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